Dan 7:13 – I saw in the night visions, and behold, with the clouds of heaven there came one like a son of man, and he came to the Ancient of Days and was presented before him.
בֵּן אִישׁ (son of man, son of a man, sons of man, sons of men)
Son of an individual
Gen 42:11 – We are all sons of one man. We are honest men. Your servants have never been spies.”
Gen 42:13 – And they said, “We, your servants, are twelve brothers, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan, and behold, the youngest is this day with our father, and one is no more.”
Lev 24:10 – Now an Israelite woman’s son, whose father was an Egyptian, went out among the people of Israel. And the Israelite woman’s son and a man of Israel fought in the camp,
1 Sam 9:1 – There was a man of Benjamin whose name was Kish, the son of Abiel, son of Zeror, son of Becorath, son of Aphiah, a Benjaminite, a man of wealth.
1 Sam 17:12 – Now David was the son of an Ephrathite of Bethlehem in Judah, named Jesse, who had eight sons. In the days of Saul the man was already old and advanced in years.
2 Sam 1:13 – And David said to the young man who told him, “Where do you come from?” And he answered, “I am the son of a sojourner, an Amalekite.”
2 Sam 17:25 – Now Absalom had set Amasa over the army instead of Joab. Amasa was the son of a man named Ithra the Ishmaelite, who had married Abigal the daughter of Nahash, sister of Zeruiah, Joab’s mother.
2 Sam 23:20 – And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was a valiant man of Kabzeel, a doer of great deeds. He struck down two ariels of Moab. He also went down and struck down a lion in a pit on a day when snow had fallen.
1 Chr 11:22 – And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was a valiant man of Kabzeel, a doer of great deeds. He struck down two heroes of Moab. He also went down and struck down a lion in a pit on a day when snow had fallen.
Men in general
Ps 4:2 – O men, how long shall my honor be turned into shame? How long will you love vain words and seek after lies? Selah
Ps 49:2 – both low and high, rich and poor together!
Ps 62:9 – Those of low estate are but a breath; those of high estate are a delusion; in the balances they go up; they are together lighter than a breath.
Ps 144:3 – O LORD, what is man that you regard him, or the son of man that you think of him?
Lam 3:33 – for he does not willingly afflict or grieve the children of men.
Parallel to “man”
Ps 144:3 – O LORD, what is man that you regard him, or the son of man that you think of him?
בְּנֵי אָדָם (son of man, son of a man, sons of man, sons of men)
Parallel to “man”
אִישׁ
Num 23:19 – God is not man, that he should lie, or a son of man, that he should change his mind. Has he said, and will he not do it? Or has he spoken, and will he not fulfill it?
Job 35:8 – Your wickedness concerns a man like yourself, and your righteousness a son of man.
Ps 80:17 – But let your hand be on the man of your right hand, the son of man whom you have made strong for yourself!
Jer 49:18 – As when Sodom and Gomorrah and their neighboring cities were overthrown, says the LORD, no man shall dwell there, no man shall sojourn in her.
Jer 49:33 – Hazor shall become a haunt of jackals, an everlasting waste; no man shall dwell there; no man shall sojourn in her.”
Jer 50:40 – As when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah and their neighboring cities, declares the LORD, so no man shall dwell there, and no son of man shall sojourn in her.
Jer 51:43 – Her cities have become a horror, a land of drought and a desert, a land in which no one dwells, and through which no son of man passes.
אֱנֹושׁ
Job 25:6 – how much less man, who is a maggot, and the son of man, who is a worm!”
Ps 8:4 – what is man that you are mindful of him, and the son of man that you care for him?
Isa 51:12 – “I, I am he who comforts you; who are you that you are afraid of man who dies, of the son of man who is made like grass,
Isa 56:2 – Blessed is the man who does this, and the son of man who holds it fast, who keeps the Sabbath, not profaning it, and keeps his hand from doing any evil.”
Contrasted with God
Num 23:19 – God is not man, that he should lie, or a son of man, that he should change his mind. Has he said, and will he not do it? Or has he spoken, and will he not fulfill it?
Ps 146:3 – Put not your trust in princes, in a son of man, in whom there is no salvation.
Ps 146:4 – When his breath departs he returns to the earth; on that very day his plans perish.
Ps 146:5 – Blessed is he whose help is the God of Jacob, whose hope is in the LORD his God,
The prophet addressed as “son of man”
Ezek 2:1 – And he said to me, “Son of man, stand on your feet, and I will speak with you.”
Ezek 2:3 – And he said to me, “Son of man, I send you to the people of Israel, to nations of rebels, who have rebelled against me. They and their fathers have transgressed against me to this very day.
Ezek 2:6 – And you, son of man, be not afraid of them, nor be afraid of their words, though briers and thorns are with you and you sit on scorpions. Be not afraid of their words, nor be dismayed at their looks, for they are a rebellious house.
Ezek 2:8 – “But you, son of man, hear what I say to you. Be not rebellious like that rebellious house; open your mouth and eat what I give you.”
Ezek 3:1 – And he said to me, “Son of man, eat whatever you find here. Eat this scroll, and go, speak to the house of Israel.”
Ezek 3:3 – And he said to me, “Son of man, feed your belly with this scroll that I give you and fill your stomach with it.” Then I ate it, and it was in my mouth as sweet as honey.
Ezek 3:4 – And he said to me, “Son of man, go to the house of Israel and speak with my words to them.
Ezek 3:10 – Moreover, he said to me, “Son of man, all my words that I shall speak to you receive in your heart, and hear with your ears.
Ezek 3:17 – “Son of man, I have made you a watchman for the house of Israel. Whenever you hear a word from my mouth, you shall give them warning from me.
Ezek 3:25 – And you, O son of man, behold, cords will be placed upon you, and you shall be bound with them, so that you cannot go out among the people.
Ezek 4:1 – “And you, son of man, take a brick and lay it before you, and engrave on it a city, even Jerusalem.
Ezek 4:16 – Moreover, he said to me, “Son of man, behold, I will break the supply of bread in Jerusalem. They shall eat bread by weight and with anxiety, and they shall drink water by measure and in dismay.
Ezek 5:1 – “And you, O son of man, take a sharp sword. Use it as a barber’s razor and pass it over your head and your beard. Then take balances for weighing and divide the hair.
Ezek 6:2 – “Son of man, set your face toward the mountains of Israel, and prophesy against them,
Ezek 7:2 – “And you, O son of man, thus says the Lord GOD to the land of Israel: An end! The end has come upon the four corners of the land.
Ezek 8:5 – Then he said to me, “Son of man, lift up your eyes now toward the north.” So I lifted up my eyes toward the north, and behold, north of the altar gate, in the entrance, was this image of jealousy.
Ezek 8:6 – And he said to me, “Son of man, do you see what they are doing, the great abominations that the house of Israel are committing here, to drive me far from my sanctuary? But you will see still greater abominations.”
Ezek 8:8 – Then he said to me, “Son of man, dig in the wall.” So I dug in the wall, and behold, there was an entrance.
Ezek 8:12 – Then he said to me, “Son of man, have you seen what the elders of the house of Israel are doing in the dark, each in his room of pictures? For they say, ‘The LORD does not see us, the LORD has forsaken the land.'”
Ezek 8:15 – Then he said to me, “Have you seen this, O son of man? You will see still greater abominations than these.”
Ezek 8:17 – Then he said to me, “Have you seen this, O son of man? Is it too light a thing for the house of Judah to commit the abominations that they commit here, that they should fill the land with violence and provoke me still further to anger? Behold, they put the branch to their nose.
Ezek 11:2 – And he said to me, “Son of man, these are the men who devise iniquity and who give wicked counsel in this city;
Ezek 11:4 – Therefore prophesy against them, prophesy, O son of man.”
Ezek 11:15 – “Son of man, your brothers, even your brothers, your kinsmen, the whole house of Israel, all of them, are those of whom the inhabitants of Jerusalem have said, ‘Go far from the LORD; to us this land is given for a possession.’
Ezek 12:2 – “Son of man, you dwell in the midst of a rebellious house, who have eyes to see, but see not, who have ears to hear, but hear not, for they are a rebellious house.
Ezek 12:3 – As for you, son of man, prepare for yourself an exile’s baggage, and go into exile by day in their sight. You shall go like an exile from your place to another place in their sight. Perhaps they will understand, though they are a rebellious house.
Ezek 12:9 – “Son of man, has not the house of Israel, the rebellious house, said to you, ‘What are you doing?’
Ezek 12:18 – “Son of man, eat your bread with quaking, and drink water with trembling and with anxiety.
Ezek 12:22 – “Son of man, what is this proverb that you have about the land of Israel, saying, ‘The days grow long, and every vision comes to nothing’?
Ezek 12:27 – “Son of man, behold, they of the house of Israel say, ‘The vision that he sees is for many days from now, and he prophesies of times far off.’
Ezek 13:2 – “Son of man, prophesy against the prophets of Israel, who are prophesying, and say to those who prophesy from their own hearts: ‘Hear the word of the LORD!’
Ezek 13:17 – “And you, son of man, set your face against the daughters of your people, who prophesy out of their own minds. Prophesy against them
Ezek 14:3 – “Son of man, these men have taken their idols into their hearts, and set the stumbling block of their iniquity before their faces. Should I indeed let myself be consulted by them?
Ezek 14:13 – “Son of man, when a land sins against me by acting faithlessly, and I stretch out my hand against it and break its supply of bread and send famine upon it, and cut off from it man and beast,
Ezek 15:2 – “Son of man, how does the wood of the vine surpass any wood, the vine branch that is among the trees of the forest?
Ezek 16:2 – “Son of man, make known to Jerusalem her abominations,
Ezek 17:2 – “Son of man, propound a riddle, and speak a parable to the house of Israel;
Ezek 20:3 – “Son of man, speak to the elders of Israel, and say to them, Thus says the Lord GOD, Is it to inquire of me that you come? As I live, declares the Lord GOD, I will not be inquired of by you.
Ezek 20:4 – Will you judge them, son of man, will you judge them? Let them know the abominations of their fathers,
Ezek 20:27 – “Therefore, son of man, speak to the house of Israel and say to them, Thus says the Lord GOD: In this also your fathers blasphemed me, by dealing treacherously with me.
Ezek 20:46 – “Son of man, set your face toward the southland; preach against the south, and prophesy against the forest land in the Negeb.
Ezek 21:2 – “Son of man, set your face toward Jerusalem and preach against the sanctuaries. Prophesy against the land of Israel
Ezek 21:6 – “As for you, son of man, groan; with breaking heart and bitter grief, groan before their eyes.
Ezek 21:9 – “Son of man, prophesy and say, Thus says the Lord; Say: “A sword, a sword is sharpened and also polished,
Ezek 21:12 – Cry out and wail, son of man, for it is against my people. It is against all the princes of Israel. They are delivered over to the sword with my people. Strike therefore upon your thigh.
Ezek 21:14 – “As for you, son of man, prophesy. Clap your hands and let the sword come down twice, yes, three times, the sword for those to be slain. It is the sword for the great slaughter, which surrounds them,
Ezek 21:19 – “As for you, son of man, mark two ways for the sword of the king of Babylon to come. Both of them shall come from the same land. And make a signpost; make it at the head of the way to a city.
Ezek 21:28 – “And you, son of man, prophesy, and say, Thus says the Lord GOD concerning the Ammonites and concerning their reproach; say, A sword, a sword is drawn for the slaughter. It is polished to consume and to flash like lightning–
Ezek 22:2 – “And you, son of man, will you judge, will you judge the bloody city? Then declare to her all her abominations.
Ezek 22:18 – “Son of man, the house of Israel has become dross to me; all of them are bronze and tin and iron and lead in the furnace; they are dross of silver.
Ezek 22:24 – “Son of man, say to her, You are a land that is not cleansed or rained upon in the day of indignation.
Ezek 23:2 – “Son of man, there were two women, the daughters of one mother.
Ezek 23:36 – The LORD said to me: “Son of man, will you judge Oholah and Oholibah? Declare to them their abominations.
Ezek 24:2 – “Son of man, write down the name of this day, this very day. The king of Babylon has laid siege to Jerusalem this very day.
Ezek 24:16 – “Son of man, behold, I am about to take the delight of your eyes away from you at a stroke; yet you shall not mourn or weep, nor shall your tears run down.
Ezek 24:25 – “As for you, son of man, surely on the day when I take from them their stronghold, their joy and glory, the delight of their eyes and their soul’s desire, and also their sons and daughters,
Ezek 25:2 – “Son of man, set your face toward the Ammonites and prophesy against them.
Ezek 26:2 – “Son of man, because Tyre said concerning Jerusalem, ‘Aha, the gate of the peoples is broken; it has swung open to me. I shall be replenished, now that she is laid waste,’
Ezek 27:2 – “Now you, son of man, raise a lamentation over Tyre,
Ezek 28:2 – “Son of man, say to the prince of Tyre, Thus says the Lord GOD: “Because your heart is proud, and you have said, ‘I am a god, I sit in the seat of the gods, in the heart of the seas,’ yet you are but a man, and no god, though you make your heart like the heart of a god–
Ezek 28:12 – “Son of man, raise a lamentation over the king of Tyre, and say to him, Thus says the Lord GOD: “You were the signet of perfection, full of wisdom and perfect in beauty.
Ezek 28:21 – “Son of man, set your face toward Sidon, and prophesy against her
Ezek 29:2 – “Son of man, set your face against Pharaoh king of Egypt, and prophesy against him and against all Egypt;
Ezek 29:18 – “Son of man, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon made his army labor hard against Tyre. Every head was made bald, and every shoulder was rubbed bare, yet neither he nor his army got anything from Tyre to pay for the labor that he had performed against her.
Ezek 30:2 – “Son of man, prophesy, and say, Thus says the Lord GOD: “Wail, ‘Alas for the day!’
Ezek 30:21 – “Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and behold, it has not been bound up, to heal it by binding it with a bandage, so that it may become strong to wield the sword.
Ezek 31:2 – “Son of man, say to Pharaoh king of Egypt and to his multitude: “Whom are you like in your greatness?
Ezek 32:2 – “Son of man, raise a lamentation over Pharaoh king of Egypt and say to him: “You consider yourself a lion of the nations, but you are like a dragon in the seas; you burst forth in your rivers, trouble the waters with your feet, and foul their rivers.
Ezek 32:18 – “Son of man, wail over the multitude of Egypt, and send them down, her and the daughters of majestic nations, to the world below, to those who have gone down to the pit:
Ezek 33:2 – “Son of man, speak to your people and say to them, If I bring the sword upon a land, and the people of the land take a man from among them, and make him their watchman,
Ezek 33:7 – “So you, son of man, I have made a watchman for the house of Israel. Whenever you hear a word from my mouth, you shall give them warning from me.
Ezek 33:10 – “And you, son of man, say to the house of Israel, Thus have you said: ‘Surely our transgressions and our sins are upon us, and we rot away because of them. How then can we live?’
Ezek 33:12 – “And you, son of man, say to your people, The righteousness of the righteous shall not deliver him when he transgresses, and as for the wickedness of the wicked, he shall not fall by it when he turns from his wickedness, and the righteous shall not be able to live by his righteousness when he sins.
Ezek 33:24 – “Son of man, the inhabitants of these waste places in the land of Israel keep saying, ‘Abraham was only one man, yet he got possession of the land; but we are many; the land is surely given us to possess.’
Ezek 33:30 – “As for you, son of man, your people who talk together about you by the walls and at the doors of the houses, say to one another, each to his brother, ‘Come, and hear what the word is that comes from the LORD.’
Ezek 34:2 – “Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel; prophesy, and say to them, even to the shepherds, Thus says the Lord GOD: Ah, shepherds of Israel who have been feeding yourselves! Should not shepherds feed the sheep?
Ezek 35:2 – “Son of man, set your face against Mount Seir, and prophesy against it,
Ezek 36:1 – “And you, son of man, prophesy to the mountains of Israel, and say, O mountains of Israel, hear the word of the LORD.
Ezek 36:17 – “Son of man, when the house of Israel lived in their own land, they defiled it by their ways and their deeds. Their ways before me were like the uncleanness of a woman in her menstrual impurity.
Ezek 37:3 – And he said to me, “Son of man, can these bones live?” And I answered, “O Lord GOD, you know.”
Ezek 37:9 – Then he said to me, “Prophesy to the breath; prophesy, son of man, and say to the breath, Thus says the Lord GOD: Come from the four winds, O breath, and breathe on these slain, that they may live.”
Ezek 37:11 – Then he said to me, “Son of man, these bones are the whole house of Israel. Behold, they say, ‘Our bones are dried up, and our hope is lost; we are clean cut off.’
Ezek 37:16 – “Son of man, take a stick and write on it, ‘For Judah, and the people of Israel associated with him’; then take another stick and write on it, ‘For Joseph (the stick of Ephraim) and all the house of Israel associated with him.’
Ezek 38:2 – “Son of man, set your face toward Gog, of the land of Magog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal, and prophesy against him
Ezek 38:14 – “Therefore, son of man, prophesy, and say to Gog, Thus says the Lord GOD: On that day when my people Israel are dwelling securely, will you not know it?
Ezek 39:1 – “And you, son of man, prophesy against Gog and say, Thus says the Lord GOD: Behold, I am against you, O Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal.
Ezek 39:17 – “As for you, son of man, thus says the Lord GOD: Speak to the birds of every sort and to all beasts of the field, ‘Assemble and come, gather from all around to the sacrificial feast that I am preparing for you, a great sacrificial feast on the mountains of Israel, and you shall eat flesh and drink blood.
Ezek 40:4 – And the man said to me, “Son of man, look with your eyes, and hear with your ears, and set your heart upon all that I shall show you, for you were brought here in order that I might show it to you. Declare all that you see to the house of Israel.”
Ezek 43:7 – and he said to me, “Son of man, this is the place of my throne and the place of the soles of my feet, where I will dwell in the midst of the people of Israel forever. And the house of Israel shall no more defile my holy name, neither they, nor their kings, by their whoring and by the dead bodies of their kings at their high places,
Ezek 43:10 – “As for you, son of man, describe to the house of Israel the temple, that they may be ashamed of their iniquities; and they shall measure the plan.
Ezek 43:18 – And he said to me, “Son of man, thus says the Lord GOD: These are the ordinances for the altar: On the day when it is erected for offering burnt offerings upon it and for throwing blood against it,
Ezek 44:5 – And the LORD said to me, “Son of man, mark well, see with your eyes, and hear with your ears all that I shall tell you concerning all the statutes of the temple of the LORD and all its laws. And mark well the entrance to the temple and all the exits from the sanctuary.
Ezek 47:6 – And he said to me, “Son of man, have you seen this?”Then he led me back to the bank of the river.
Dan 8:17 – So he came near where I stood. And when he came, I was frightened and fell on my face. But he said to me, “Understand, O son of man, that the vision is for the time of the end.”
References to sons of man or sons of men (plural)
All references
Gen 11:5 – And the LORD came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of man had built.
Deut 32:8 – When the Most High gave to the nations their inheritance, when he divided mankind, he fixed the borders of the peoples according to the number of the sons of God.
1 Sam 26:19 – Now therefore let my lord the king hear the words of his servant. If it is the LORD who has stirred you up against me, may he accept an offering, but if it is men, may they be cursed before the LORD, for they have driven me out this day that I should have no share in the heritage of the LORD, saying, ‘Go, serve other gods.’
2 Sam 7:14 – I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son. When he commits iniquity, I will discipline him with the rod of men, with the stripes of the sons of men,
1 Kgs 8:39 – then hear in heaven your dwelling place and forgive and act and render to each whose heart you know, according to all his ways (for you, you only, know the hearts of all the children of mankind),
2 Chr 6:30 – then hear from heaven your dwelling place and forgive and render to each whose heart you know, according to all his ways, for you, you only, know the hearts of the children of mankind,
Ps 11:4 – The LORD is in his holy temple; the LORD’s throne is in heaven; his eyes see, his eyelids test, the children of man.
Ps 12:1 – Save, O LORD, for the godly one is gone; for the faithful have vanished from among the children of man.
Ps 12:8 – On every side the wicked prowl, as vileness is exalted among the children of man.
Ps 14:2 – The LORD looks down from heaven on the children of man, to see if there are any who understand, who seek after God.
Ps 21:10 – You will destroy their descendants from the earth, and their offspring from among the children of man.
Ps 31:19 – Oh, how abundant is your goodness, which you have stored up for those who fear you and worked for those who take refuge in you, in the sight of the children of mankind!
Ps 33:13 – The LORD looks down from heaven; he sees all the children of man;
Ps 36:7 – How precious is your steadfast love, O God! The children of mankind take refuge in the shadow of your wings.
Ps 45:2 – You are the most handsome of the sons of men; grace is poured upon your lips; therefore God has blessed you forever.
Ps 49:2 – both low and high, rich and poor together!
Ps 53:2 – God looks down from heaven on the children of man to see if there are any who understand, who seek after God.
Ps 57:4 – My soul is in the midst of lions; I lie down amid fiery beasts–the children of man, whose teeth are spears and arrows, whose tongues are sharp swords.
Ps 58:1 – Do you indeed decree what is right, you gods? Do you judge the children of man uprightly?
Ps 62:9 – Those of low estate are but a breath; those of high estate are a delusion; in the balances they go up; they are together lighter than a breath.
Ps 66:5 – Come and see what God has done: he is awesome in his deeds toward the children of man.
Ps 89:47 – Remember how short my time is! For what vanity you have created all the children of man!
Ps 90:3 – You return man to dust and say, “Return, O children of man!”
Ps 107:8 – Let them thank the LORD for his steadfast love, for his wondrous works to the children of men!
Ps 107:15 – Let them thank the LORD for his steadfast love, for his wondrous works to the children of men!
Ps 107:21 – Let them thank the LORD for his steadfast love, for his wondrous works to the children of men!
Ps 107:31 – Let them thank the LORD for his steadfast love, for his wondrous works to the children of men!
Ps 115:16 – The heavens are the LORD’s heavens, but the earth he has given to the children of man.
Ps 145:12 – to make known to the children of man your mighty deeds, and the glorious splendor of your kingdom.
Prov 8:4 – “To you, O men, I call, and my cry is to the children of man.
Prov 8:31 – rejoicing in his inhabited world and delighting in the children of man.
Prov 15:11 – Sheol and Abaddon lie open before the LORD; how much more the hearts of the children of man!
Eccl 1:13 – And I applied my heart to seek and to search out by wisdom all that is done under heaven. It is an unhappy business that God has given to the children of man to be busy with.
Eccl 2:3 – I searched with my heart how to cheer my body with wine–my heart still guiding me with wisdom–and how to lay hold on folly, till I might see what was good for the children of man to do under heaven during the few days of their life.
Eccl 2:8 – I also gathered for myself silver and gold and the treasure of kings and provinces. I got singers, both men and women, and many concubines, the delight of the children of man.
Eccl 3:10 – I have seen the business that God has given to the children of man to be busy with.
Eccl 3:18 – I said in my heart with regard to the children of man that God is testing them that they may see that they themselves are but beasts.
Eccl 3:19 – For what happens to the children of man and what happens to the beasts is the same; as one dies, so dies the other. They all have the same breath, and man has no advantage over the beasts, for all is vanity.
Eccl 3:21 – Who knows whether the spirit of man goes upward and the spirit of the beast goes down into the earth?
Eccl 8:11 – Because the sentence against an evil deed is not executed speedily, the heart of the children of man is fully set to do evil.
Eccl 9:3 – This is an evil in all that is done under the sun, that the same event happens to all. Also, the hearts of the children of man are full of evil, and madness is in their hearts while they live, and after that they go to the dead.
Eccl 9:12 – For man does not know his time. Like fish that are taken in an evil net, and like birds that are caught in a snare, so the children of man are snared at an evil time, when it suddenly falls upon them.
Isa 52:14 – As many were astonished at you–his appearance was so marred, beyond human semblance, and his form beyond that of the children of mankind–
Jer 32:19 – great in counsel and mighty in deed, whose eyes are open to all the ways of the children of man, rewarding each one according to his ways and according to the fruit of his deeds.
Ezek 31:14 – All this is in order that no trees by the waters may grow to towering height or set their tops among the clouds, and that no trees that drink water may reach up to them in height. For they are all given over to death, to the world below, among the children of man, with those who go down to the pit.
Dan 10:16 – And behold, one in the likeness of the children of man touched my lips. Then I opened my mouth and spoke. I said to him who stood before me, “O my lord, by reason of the vision pains have come upon me, and I retain no strength.
Joel 1:12 – The vine dries up; the fig tree languishes. Pomegranate, palm, and apple, all the trees of the field are dried up, and gladness dries up from the children of man.
Mic 5:7 – Then the remnant of Jacob shall be in the midst of many peoples like dew from the LORD, like showers on the grass, which delay not for a man nor wait for the children of man.
Parallel terms
Nations, גֹּוי
Deut 32:8 – When the Most High gave to the nations their inheritance, when he divided mankind, he fixed the borders of the peoples according to the number of the sons of God.
Men, man,
אִישׁ
2 Sam 7:14 – I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son. When he commits iniquity, I will discipline him with the rod of men, with the stripes of the sons of men,
Prov 8:4 – “To you, O men, I call, and my cry is to the children of man.
Isa 52:14 – As many were astonished at you–his appearance was so marred, beyond human semblance, and his form beyond that of the children of mankind–
Mic 5:7 – Then the remnant of Jacob shall be in the midst of many peoples like dew from the LORD, like showers on the grass, which delay not for a man nor wait for the children of man.
אֱנֹושׁ
Ps 90:3 – You return man to dust and say, “Return, O children of man!”
Earth, אֶרֶץ
Ps 21:10 – You will destroy their descendants from the earth, and their offspring from among the children of man.
Prov 8:31 – rejoicing in his inhabited world and delighting in the children of man.
בְּנֵי אָדָם used in parallel with בְּנֵי אִישׁ (both translated as “sons of man”) [footnote text=“The ESV chooses not to translate the two terms literally in the following verses but instead use "low" and "high" to contrast them.”]
Ps 49:2 – both low and high, rich and poor together!
Ps 62:9 – Those of low estate are but a breath; those of high estate are a delusion; in the balances they go up; they are together lighter than a breath.
Aramaic term
בַר אֱנָשׁ (a son of man)
Dan 7:13 – I saw in the night visions, and behold, with the clouds of heaven there came one like a son of man, and he came to the Ancient of Days and was presented before him.
Greek term
ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου [footnote text=“The term does not have the definite article in John 5:27, Rev 1:13, and Rev 14:14.”]
Jesus’ self-designation
Coming of the Son of Man
Mt 10:23 – When they persecute you in one town, flee to the next, for truly, I say to you, you will not have gone through all the towns of Israel before the Son of Man comes.
Mt 11:19 – The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Look at him! A glutton and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ Yet wisdom is justified by her deeds.”
Mt 13:41 – The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all causes of sin and all law-breakers,
Mt 16:27 – For the Son of Man is going to come with his angels in the glory of his Father, and then he will repay each person according to what he has done.
Mt 16:28 – Truly, I say to you, there are some standing here who will not taste death until they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”
Mt 24:27 – For as the lightning comes from the east and shines as far as the west, so will be the coming of the Son of Man.
Mt 24:30 – Then will appear in heaven the sign of the Son of Man, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory.
Mt 24:37 – As were the days of Noah, so will be the coming of the Son of Man.
Mt 24:39 – and they were unaware until the flood came and swept them all away, so will be the coming of the Son of Man.
Mt 24:44 – Therefore you also must be ready, for the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect.
Mt 25:31 – “When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne.
Mt 26:64 – Jesus said to him, “You have said so. But I tell you, from now on you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power and coming on the clouds of heaven.”
Mk 8:38 – For whoever is ashamed of me and of my words in this adulterous and sinful generation, of him will the Son of Man also be ashamed when he comes in the glory of his Father with the holy angels.”
Mk 13:26 – And then they will see the Son of Man coming in clouds with great power and glory.
Mk 14:62 – And Jesus said, “I am, and you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power, and coming with the clouds of heaven.”
Lk 7:34 – The Son of Man has come eating and drinking, and you say, ‘Look at him! A glutton and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’
Lk 9:26 – For whoever is ashamed of me and of my words, of him will the Son of Man be ashamed when he comes in his glory and the glory of the Father and of the holy angels.
Lk 12:40 – You also must be ready, for the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect.”
Lk 17:22 – And he said to the disciples, “The days are coming when you will desire to see one of the days of the Son of Man, and you will not see it.
Lk 17:24 – For as the lightning flashes and lights up the sky from one side to the other, so will the Son of Man be in his day.
Lk 17:26 – Just as it was in the days of Noah, so will it be in the days of the Son of Man.
Lk 17:30 – so will it be on the day when the Son of Man is revealed.
Lk 18:8 – I tell you, he will give justice to them speedily. Nevertheless, when the Son of Man comes, will he find faith on earth?”
Lk 19:10 – For the Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost.”
Lk 21:27 – And then they will see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory.
Lk 21:36 – But stay awake at all times, praying that you may have strength to escape all these things that are going to take place, and to stand before the Son of Man.”
Lk 22:69 – But from now on the Son of Man shall be seated at the right hand of the power of God.”
Suffering, death, and resurrection of the Son of Man
Mt 12:40 – For just as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.
Mt 17:9 – And as they were coming down the mountain, Jesus commanded them, “Tell no one the vision, until the Son of Man is raised from the dead.”
Mt 17:12 – But I tell you that Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but did to him whatever they pleased. So also the Son of Man will certainly suffer at their hands.”
Mt 17:22 – As they were gathering in Galilee, Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man is about to be delivered into the hands of men,
Mt 20:18 – “See, we are going up to Jerusalem. And the Son of Man will be delivered over to the chief priests and scribes, and they will condemn him to death
Mt 20:28 – even as the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”
Mt 26:2 – “You know that after two days the Passover is coming, and the Son of Man will be delivered up to be crucified.”
Mt 26:24 – The Son of Man goes as it is written of him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would have been better for that man if he had not been born.”
Mt 26:45 – Then he came to the disciples and said to them, “Sleep and take your rest later on. See, the hour is at hand, and the Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.
Mk 8:31 – And he began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders and the chief priests and the scribes and be killed, and after three days rise again.
Mk 9:9 – And as they were coming down the mountain, he charged them to tell no one what they had seen, until the Son of Man had risen from the dead.
Mk 9:12 – And he said to them, “Elijah does come first to restore all things. And how is it written of the Son of Man that he should suffer many things and be treated with contempt?
Mk 9:31 – for he was teaching his disciples, saying to them, “The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men, and they will kill him. And when he is killed, after three days he will rise.”
Mk 10:33 – saying, “See, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be delivered over to the chief priests and the scribes, and they will condemn him to death and deliver him over to the Gentiles.
Mk 10:45 – For even the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”
Mk 14:21 – For the Son of Man goes as it is written of him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would have been better for that man if he had not been born.”
Mk 14:41 – And he came the third time and said to them, “Are you still sleeping and taking your rest? It is enough; the hour has come. The Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.
Lk 9:22 – saying, “The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and on the third day be raised.”
Lk 9:44 – “Let these words sink into your ears: The Son of Man is about to be delivered into the hands of men.”
Lk 11:30 – For as Jonah became a sign to the people of Nineveh, so will the Son of Man be to this generation.
Lk 18:31 – And taking the twelve, he said to them, “See, we are going up to Jerusalem, and everything that is written about the Son of Man by the prophets will be accomplished.
Lk 22:22 – For the Son of Man goes as it has been determined, but woe to that man by whom he is betrayed!”
Lk 22:48 – but Jesus said to him, “Judas, would you betray the Son of Man with a kiss?”
Lk 24:7 – that the Son of Man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men and be crucified and on the third day rise.”
Lowliness of the Son of Man
Mt 8:20 – And Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.”
Mt 20:28 – even as the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”
Mk 10:45 – For even the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”
Lk 9:58 – And Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.”
Authority of the Son of Man
Mt 9:6 – But that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins”–he then said to the paralytic–“Rise, pick up your bed and go home.”
Mk 2:10 – But that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins”–he said to the paralytic–
Lk 5:24 – But that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins”–he said to the man who was paralyzed–“I say to you, rise, pick up your bed and go home.”
The Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath
Mt 12:8 – For the Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”
Mk 2:28 – So the Son of Man is lord even of the Sabbath.”
Lk 6:5 – And he said to them, “The Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”
The Son of Man and heaven
Jn 1:51 – And he said to him, “Truly, truly, I say to you, you will see heaven opened, and the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man.”
Jn 3:13 – No one has ascended into heaven except he who descended from heaven, the Son of Man.
Jn 6:62 – Then what if you were to see the Son of Man ascending to where he was before?
Lifting up of the Son of Man
Jn 3:14 – And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so must the Son of Man be lifted up,
Jn 8:28 – So Jesus said to them, “When you have lifted up the Son of Man, then you will know that I am he, and that I do nothing on my own authority, but speak just as the Father taught me.
Jn 12:34 – So the crowd answered him, “We have heard from the Law that the Christ remains forever. How can you say that the Son of Man must be lifted up? Who is this Son of Man?”
Speaking a word against the Son of Man
Mt 12:32 – And whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come.
Lk 12:10 – And everyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but the one who blasphemes against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven.
Judgment of the Son of Man
Mt 19:28 – Jesus said to them, “Truly, I say to you, in the new world, when the Son of Man will sit on his glorious throne, you who have followed me will also sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
Jn 5:27 – And he has given him authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man.
The Son of Man gives food for eternal life
Jn 6:27 – Do not labor for the food that perishes, but for the food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give to you. For on him God the Father has set his seal.”
Jn 6:53 – So Jesus said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you.
The Son of Man is glorified
Jn 12:23 – And Jesus answered them, “The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified.
Jn 13:31 – When he had gone out, Jesus said, “Now is the Son of Man glorified, and God is glorified in him.
Belief in the Son of Man
Jn 9:35 – Jesus heard that they had cast him out, and having found him he said, “Do you believe in the Son of Man?”
Other references to the Son of Man
Mt 13:37 – He answered, “The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man.
Mt 16:13 – Now when Jesus came into the district of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, “Who do people say that the Son of Man is?”
Lk 6:22 – “Blessed are you when people hate you and when they exclude you and revile you and spurn your name as evil, on account of the Son of Man!
Lk 12:8 – “And I tell you, everyone who acknowledges me before men, the Son of Man also will acknowledge before the angels of God,
Stephen’s reference to the Son of Man
Acts 7:56 – And he said, “Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God.”
“One like a son of man”
Rev 1:13 – and in the midst of the lampstands one like a son of man, clothed with a long robe and with a golden sash around his chest.
Rev 14:14 – Then I looked, and behold, a white cloud, and seated on the cloud one like a son of man, with a golden crown on his head, and a sharp sickle in his hand.
Parallel with “man”
Heb 2:6 – It has been testified somewhere, “What is man, that you are mindful of him, or the son of man, that you care for him?
Reference to sons of men (plural)
Mk 3:28 – “Truly, I say to you, all sins will be forgiven the children of man, and whatever blasphemies they utter,
Eph 3:5 – which was not made known to the sons of men in other generations as it has now been revealed to his holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit.
