Jn 18:35 – Pilate answered, “Am I a Jew? Your own nation and the chief priests have delivered you over to me. What have you done?”
King of the Jews (Jn 18:33, 39; 19:3, 19, 21)
“Judean” (i.e. “Jewish) as a term for a territory
Jn 3:22 – After this Jesus and his disciples went into the Judean countryside, and he remained there with them and was baptizing.
The Jews as acquaintances of Martha, Mary, and Lazarus
Jn 11:19 – and many of the Jews had come to Martha and Mary to console them concerning their brother.
Jn 11:31 – When the Jews who were with her in the house, consoling her, saw Mary rise quickly and go out, they followed her, supposing that she was going to the tomb to weep there.
Jn 11:33 – When Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who had come with her also weeping, he was deeply moved in his spirit and greatly troubled.
The Jews as representation of the law and the temple
In relation to the feasts
Jn 2:13 – The Passover of the Jews was at hand, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.
Jn 5:1 – After this there was a feast of the Jews, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.
Jn 6:4 – Now the Passover, the feast of the Jews, was at hand.
Jn 7:2 – Now the Jews’ Feast of Booths was at hand.
Jn 11:55 – Now the Passover of the Jews was at hand, and many went up from the country to Jerusalem before the Passover to purify themselves.
Jn 19:42 – So because of the Jewish day of Preparation, since the tomb was close at hand, they laid Jesus there.
In relation to the temple
Jn 2:18 – So the Jews said to him, “What sign do you show us for doing these things?”
Jn 2:20 – The Jews then said, “It has taken forty-six years to build this temple, and will you raise it up in three days?”
Jn 18:20 – Jesus answered him, “I have spoken openly to the world. I have always taught in synagogues and in the temple, where all Jews come together. I have said nothing in secret.
In relation to keeping the Sabbath
Jn 5:10 – So the Jews said to the man who had been healed, “It is the Sabbath, and it is not lawful for you to take up your bed.”
Jn 5:16 – And this was why the Jews were persecuting Jesus, because he was doing these things on the Sabbath.
Jn 5:18 – This was why the Jews were seeking all the more to kill him, because not only was he breaking the Sabbath, but he was even calling God his own Father, making himself equal with God.
In relation to purification
Jn 2:6 – Now there were six stone water jars there for the Jewish rites of purification, each holding twenty or thirty gallons.
Jn 3:25 – Now a discussion arose between some of John’s disciples and a Jew over purification.
In relation to charging Jesus with blasphemy
Jn 5:18 – This was why the Jews were seeking all the more to kill him, because not only was he breaking the Sabbath, but he was even calling God his own Father, making himself equal with God.
Jn 10:33 – The Jews answered him, “It is not for a good work that we are going to stone you but for blasphemy, because you, being a man, make yourself God.”
In relation to their law
Jn 10:34 – Jesus answered them, “Is it not written in your Law, ‘I said, you are gods’?
Jn 19:7 – The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and according to that law he ought to die because he has made himself the Son of God.”
The Jews as a representation of religious authority
They had their own governing authorities
Jn 3:1 – Now there was a man of the Pharisees named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews.
Jn 18:12 – So the band of soldiers and their captain and the officers of the Jews arrested Jesus and bound him.
Jn 19:21 – So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but rather, ‘This man said, I am King of the Jews.'”
They sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to question John
Jn 1:19 – And this is the testimony of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, “Who are you?”
“The Jews” were used interchangeably or in close connection with the Pharisees (Jn 1:19, 24; 9:15-24; Compare also Jn 9:22 and Jn 12:42)
They questioned Jesus’ source of authority over the temple (Jn 2:18-20)
They were a threat against those who aligned with Jesus
They had agreed to put out of the synagogue anyone who confessed that Jesus was the Christ (Jn 9:22)
No one spoke openly of Jesus for fear of the Jews (Jn 7:13)
Joseph of Arimathea was a disciple of Jesus secretly for fear of the Jews (Jn 19:38)
The disciples were in fear of the Jews (Jn 20:19)
The Jews characterized as those who put Jesus to death
Jn 18:36 – Jesus answered, “My kingdom is not of this world. If my kingdom were of this world, my servants would have been fighting, that I might not be delivered over to the Jews. But my kingdom is not from the world.”
Jn 18:38-40
Jn 19:7 – The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and according to that law he ought to die because he has made himself the Son of God.”
Jn 19:14-21
Jn 20:19 [footnote text=“The implication is that the disciples feared the Jews because they had put Jesus to death.”]
Jesus and the Jews
The Jews’ various actions toward Jesus
Questioned Jesus (Jn 2:18, 20; 10:24)
Grumbled about Him (Jn 6:41-42)
Disputed among themselves (Jn 6:52)
Divided because of His words (Jn 10:19-21)
Persecuted Him (Jn 5:16)
Wanted to kill Him (Jn 5:18; 7:1; 8:59; 10:31, 39; 11:8)
Looked for Him (Jn 7:11)
Marveled (Jn 7:15)
Confounded by His words (Jn 7:35-36; 8:22)
Many believed in Him (Jn 8:31; 11:45; 12:11)
Alleged that Jesus was a Samaritan and had a demon (Jn 8:48, 52)
Refuted Jesus’ words (Jn 8:52-53, 57; 10:33)
Remarked about Jesus’ love for Lazarus (Jn 11:36)
Came when they heard that Jesus was there (Jn 12:9)
Refused to let Pilate release Jesus (Jn 18:38-40)
Demanded Jesus’ death (Jn 19:7, 12, 14-15)
Crucified Jesus (Jn 19:16-18) [footnote text=“"They" refers to the Jews in Jn 19:14 because there is no other intervening subject. But it may also be argued based on Jn 19:23 that the pronoun refers to another group, namely the Roman soldiers.”]
What Jesus said about the Jews
They sent to John (Jn 5:33).
They were willing to rejoice for a while in John’s light (Jn 5:35).
They had never heard the Father’s voice nor seen His form (Jn 5:37).
They did not have the Father’s word abiding in them, for they did not believe the one whom He had sent (Jn 5:38).
They searched the Scriptures because they thought that in them they had eternal life, yet they refused to come to Jesus that they may have life (Jn 5:39-40).
They did not receive Jesus, who had come in His Father’s name. But they would receive another who comes in his own name (Jn 5:43).
They could not believe because they received glory from one another and did not seek the glory that comes from the only God (Jn 5:44).
There was one who accused them: Moses, on whom they had set their hope. They did not believe in Moses nor his writings, so they also could not believe Jesus’ words (Jn 5:45-46).
Their fathers ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died (Jn 6:49).
They are from below and of the world (Jn 8:23).
They did not know God the Father (Jn 8:55).
What Jesus said to the Jews
About Him and His Father (Jn 5:17, 19-47)
About being the bread that came down from heaven (Jn 6:43-51, 53-58)
They would die in their sins unless they believe that Jesus is He (Jn 8:24)
If they abide in His word, they are truly His disciples, and they will know the truth, and the truth will set them free (Jn 8:31-32) [footnote text=”These were the Jews who had believed in Jesus.”]
About His glory and divinity (Jn 8:54-56, 58)
About His sheep and His oneness with the Father (Jn 10:25-30, 32, 34-38)
The Jews and citation of the Scriptures
Jn 2:13-22
Jn 6:30-52
Jn 10:31-38
The Jews in connection with “the world”
Jn 8:23 – He said to them, “You are from below; I am from above. You are of this world; I am not of this world.
Jn 18:20 – Jesus answered him, “I have spoken openly to the world. I have always taught in synagogues and in the temple, where all Jews come together. I have said nothing in secret.
Words Related Grammatically to “Jews”
Subjects of “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος)
I/we, ἐγώ
Jn 18:35 – Pilate answered, “Am I a Jew? Your own nation and the chief priests have delivered you over to me. What have you done?”
Verbs with “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος) as Subject
To say, ἔπω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον
Jn 2:20 – The Jews then said, “It has taken forty-six years to build this temple, and will you raise it up in three days?”
Jn 7:35 – The Jews said to one another, “Where does this man intend to go that we will not find him? Does he intend to go to the Dispersion among the Greeks and teach the Greeks?
Jn 8:52 – The Jews said to him, “Now we know that you have a demon! Abraham died, as did the prophets, yet you say, ‘If anyone keeps my word, he will never taste death.’
Jn 8:57 – So the Jews said to him, “You are not yet fifty years old, and have you seen Abraham?”
Jn 18:31 – Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves and judge him by your own law.” The Jews said to him, “It is not lawful for us to put anyone to death.”
To answer, ἀποκρίνω
Jn 2:18 – So the Jews said to him, “What sign do you show us for doing these things?”
Jn 8:48 – The Jews answered him, “Are we not right in saying that you are a Samaritan and have a demon?”
Jn 10:33 – The Jews answered him, “It is not for a good work that we are going to stone you but for blasphemy, because you, being a man, make yourself God.”
Jn 19:7 – The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and according to that law he ought to die because he has made himself the Son of God.”
To seek, ζητέω
Jn 5:18 – This was why the Jews were seeking all the more to kill him, because not only was he breaking the Sabbath, but he was even calling God his own Father, making himself equal with God.
Jn 7:1 – After this Jesus went about in Galilee. He would not go about in Judea, because the Jews were seeking to kill him.
Jn 7:11 – The Jews were looking for him at the feast, and saying, “Where is he?”
Jn 11:8 – The disciples said to him, “Rabbi, the Jews were just now seeking to stone you, and are you going there again?”
To speak, λέγω
Jn 5:10 – So the Jews said to the man who had been healed, “It is the Sabbath, and it is not lawful for you to take up your bed.”
Jn 8:22 – So the Jews said, “Will he kill himself, since he says, ‘Where I am going, you cannot come’?”
Jn 11:36 – So the Jews said, “See how he loved him!”
To agree, συντίθημι
Jn 9:22 – (His parents said these things because they feared the Jews, for the Jews had already agreed that if anyone should confess Jesus to be Christ, he was to be put out of the synagogue.)
To send, ἀποστέλλω
Jn 1:19 – And this is the testimony of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, “Who are you?”
To associate with, συγχράομαι
Jn 4:9 – The Samaritan woman said to him, “How is it that you, a Jew, ask for a drink from me, a woman of Samaria?” (For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans.)
To pursue, διώκω
Jn 5:16 – And this was why the Jews were persecuting Jesus, because he was doing these things on the Sabbath.
To murmur, γογγύζω
Jn 6:41 – So the Jews grumbled about him, because he said, “I am the bread that came down from heaven.”
To quarrel, μάχομαι
Jn 6:52 – The Jews then disputed among themselves, saying, “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?”
To marvel, θαυμάζω
Jn 7:15 – The Jews therefore marveled, saying, “How is it that this man has learning, when he has never studied?”
To trust (in), πιστεύω
Jn 9:18 – The Jews did not believe that he had been blind and had received his sight, until they called the parents of the man who had received his sight
To surround, κυκλόω
Jn 10:24 – So the Jews gathered around him and said to him, “How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Christ, tell us plainly.”
To carry, βαστάζω
Jn 10:31 – The Jews picked up stones again to stone him.
To follow, ἀκολουθέω
Jn 11:31 – When the Jews who were with her in the house, consoling her, saw Mary rise quickly and go out, they followed her, supposing that she was going to the tomb to weep there.
To weep, κλαίω
Jn 11:33 – When Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who had come with her also weeping, he was deeply moved in his spirit and greatly troubled.
To assemble, συνέρχομαι
Jn 18:20 – Jesus answered him, “I have spoken openly to the world. I have always taught in synagogues and in the temple, where all Jews come together. I have said nothing in secret.
To shout, κραυγάζω
Jn 19:12 – From then on Pilate sought to release him, but the Jews cried out, “If you release this man, you are not Caesar’s friend. Everyone who makes himself a king opposes Caesar.”
To ask, ἐρωτάω
Jn 19:31 – Since it was the day of Preparation, and so that the bodies would not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a high day), the Jews asked Pilate that their legs might be broken and that they might be taken away.
Verbs with “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος) as Object
To fear, φοβέω
Jn 9:22 – (His parents said these things because they feared the Jews, for the Jews had already agreed that if anyone should confess Jesus to be Christ, he was to be put out of the synagogue.)
Verbs with “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος) as Indirect Object
To report, ἀναγγέλλω
Jn 5:15 – The man went away and told the Jews that it was Jesus who had healed him.
To say, ἔπω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον
Jn 13:33 – Little children, yet a little while I am with you. You will seek me, and just as I said to the Jews, so now I also say to you, ‘Where I am going you cannot come.’
To consult, συμβουλεύω
Jn 18:14 – It was Caiaphas who had advised the Jews that it would be expedient that one man should die for the people.
To deliver, παραδίδωμι
Jn 18:36 – Jesus answered, “My kingdom is not of this world. If my kingdom were of this world, my servants would have been fighting, that I might not be delivered over to the Jews. But my kingdom is not from the world.”
To speak, λέγω
Jn 19:14 – Now it was the day of Preparation of the Passover. It was about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, “Behold your King!”
Adjectives Modifying “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος)
All, πᾶς
Jn 18:20 – Jesus answered him, “I have spoken openly to the world. I have always taught in synagogues and in the temple, where all Jews come together. I have said nothing in secret.
To trust (in), πιστεύω
Jn 8:31 – So Jesus said to the Jews who had believed in him, “If you abide in my word, you are truly my disciples,
To assemble, συνέρχομαι
Jn 11:33 – When Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who had come with her also weeping, he was deeply moved in his spirit and greatly troubled.
Words Modified by “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος)
To be, εἰμί
Jn 19:40 – So they took the body of Jesus and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as is the burial custom of the Jews.
Earth, γῆ
Jn 3:22 – After this Jesus and his disciples went into the Judean countryside, and he remained there with them and was baptizing.
You, σύ
Jn 4:9 – The Samaritan woman said to him, “How is it that you, a Jew, ask for a drink from me, a woman of Samaria?” (For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans.)
Appositions with “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος)
He/she/it/self, αὐτός
Jn 11:31 – When the Jews who were with her in the house, consoling her, saw Mary rise quickly and go out, they followed her, supposing that she was going to the tomb to weep there.
Prepositions with “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος)
Of/from, ἐκ
Jn 4:22 – You worship what you do not know; we worship what we know, for salvation is from the Jews.
Jn 11:19 – and many of the Jews had come to Martha and Mary to console them concerning their brother.
Jn 11:45 – Many of the Jews therefore, who had come with Mary and had seen what he did, believed in him,
Jn 12:9 – When the large crowd of the Jews learned that Jesus was there, they came, not only on account of him but also to see Lazarus, whom he had raised from the dead.
To/with, πρός
Jn 8:31 – So Jesus said to the Jews who had believed in him, “If you abide in my word, you are truly my disciples,
Jn 18:38 – Pilate said to him, “What is truth?”After he had said this, he went back outside to the Jews and told them, “I find no guilt in him.
In/on/among, ἐν
Jn 10:19 – There was again a division among the Jews because of these words.
Jn 11:54 – Jesus therefore no longer walked openly among the Jews, but went from there to the region near the wilderness, to a town called Ephraim, and there he stayed with the disciples.
With/after, μετά
Jn 3:25 – Now a discussion arose between some of John’s disciples and a Jew over purification.
… of “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος)
King, βασιλεύς
Jn 18:33 – So Pilate entered his headquarters again and called Jesus and said to him, “Are you the King of the Jews?”
Jn 18:39 – But you have a custom that I should release one man for you at the Passover. So do you want me to release to you the King of the Jews?”
Jn 19:3 – They came up to him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and struck him with their hands.
Jn 19:19 – Pilate also wrote an inscription and put it on the cross. It read, “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.”
Jn 19:21 – So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but rather, ‘This man said, I am King of the Jews.'”
Festival, ἑορτή
Jn 5:1 – After this there was a feast of the Jews, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.
Jn 6:4 – Now the Passover, the feast of the Jews, was at hand.
Jn 7:2 – Now the Jews’ Feast of Booths was at hand.
Fear, φόβος
Jn 7:13 – Yet for fear of the Jews no one spoke openly of him.
Jn 19:38 – After these things Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus, and Pilate gave him permission. So he came and took away his body.
Jn 20:19 – On the evening of that day, the first day of the week, the doors being locked where the disciples were for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood among them and said to them, “Peace be with you.”
Many, πολύς
Jn 12:11 – because on account of him many of the Jews were going away and believing in Jesus.
Jn 19:20 – Many of the Jews read this inscription, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and it was written in Aramaic, in Latin, and in Greek.
Passover, πάσχα
Jn 2:13 – The Passover of the Jews was at hand, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.
Jn 11:55 – Now the Passover of the Jews was at hand, and many went up from the country to Jerusalem before the Passover to purify themselves.
Cleansing, καθαρισμός
Jn 2:6 – Now there were six stone water jars there for the Jewish rites of purification, each holding twenty or thirty gallons.
Ruler, ἄρχων
Jn 3:1 – Now there was a man of the Pharisees named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews.
Servant, ὑπηρέτης
Jn 18:12 – So the band of soldiers and their captain and the officers of the Jews arrested Jesus and bound him.
High-priest, ἀρχιερεύς
Jn 19:21 – So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but rather, ‘This man said, I am King of the Jews.'”
Preparation Day, παρασκευή
Jn 19:42 – So because of the Jewish day of Preparation, since the tomb was close at hand, they laid Jesus there.
Verbal Copula of “Jew” (Ἰουδαῖος)
To be, εἰμί
Jn 4:9 – The Samaritan woman said to him, “How is it that you, a Jew, ask for a drink from me, a woman of Samaria?” (For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans.)
Jn 18:35 – Pilate answered, “Am I a Jew? Your own nation and the chief priests have delivered you over to me. What have you done?”
